Barley

Growth Habit: Annual

Climate Requirements: Prefers temperate climates but is drought-tolerant.

Soil Requirements: Well-drained loamy or sandy soil with pH 6.0–7.5.

Water Requirements: Requires moderate water; irrigation is needed in dry regions.

Planting Instructions: Sow seeds 3 cm deep in rows spaced 15–20 cm apart.

Harvesting Information: Harvested when grains are hard and dry, with a moisture content of 12–14%.

Plant Characteristics: Barley is a cereal grain used in food, animal feed, and beer production. It has a grassy growth with long awns.

Nutrient Content: Rich in carbohydrates, fiber, and B vitamins.

Health Benefits: Supports heart health, improves digestion, and provides energy.

Yield Information: Average yield is around 2.5–3.5 tons per hectare.

Culinary Uses: Used in soups, stews, bread, and malt production for brewing.

Industrial Uses: Used in brewing, distilling, and animal feed.

Native Range: Western Asia and Northeast Africa.

Current Distribution: Grown globally, with major production in Russia, Canada, and Australia.

Common Pests: Aphids, armyworms, and wireworms.

Diseases: Barley yellow dwarf virus, leaf rust, and powdery mildew.

IPM Practices: Use resistant varieties, crop rotation, and biological pest control.

Market Value: $220.50